It also was the end of a massive evacuation effort that began on 14 August soon after the Taliban took over the country.
America's top military commander in the region, Gen Kenneth McKenzie, said that in total, US and coalition aircraft evacuated more than 123,000 civilians - an average of more than 7,500 civilians per day during that time.
Speaking after the announcement, US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken called the evacuation a "massive military, diplomatic and humanitarian undertaking" and one of the most challenging the US has ever carried out.
"A new chapter has begun," he said. "The military mission is over. A new diplomatic mission has begun."
He said the Taliban needed to earn its legitimacy and would be judged on the extent to which it fulfilled its commitments and obligations to allow civilians free travel to and from the country, protected the rights of all Afghans including women, and prevented terror groups from gaining a foothold.
He added that while the US had suspended its diplomatic presence in Kabul, transferring operations to the Qatari capital of Doha, it would continue its "relentless efforts" to help Americans, and Afghans with US passports, to leave Afghanistan if they wanted to.
President Joe Biden issued a short statement thanking all those involved in the evacuation operation over the last 17 days and saying he would address the nation later on Tuesday.
